Ischemic Heart Disease: Definition, types, symptoms, causes, risk factors

introduction:

- Ischemic Heart Disease (Coronary Heart Disease) is a leading cause of death in United States.

- America has top rank in Ischemic Heart Disease

- More than 16 million Americans suffering with Ischemic Heart Disease.

Some other's name:

- Coronary Artery Disease,

- Coronary Heart Disease,

- Coronary Microvascular Disease.

What is Ischemic Heart Disease :

- Coronary heart disease (ischemic heart disease) is a condition in which your blood vessels(Coronary Artery) is narrow and cannot supply enough oxygen-rich blood to your heart, because of, the Cholesterol-containing deposits called atheroma (plaque) build up inside the walls of your arteries.

- Low blood flow may cause chest pain (angina) and discomfort in breathing (shortness of breath).

- The blockage (blood clot) Coronary Artery may cause permanent damage to your heart, and the result is heart attack.

Types of Ischemic Heart Disease :

There are three main types of ischemic heart disease:

1- Obstructive coronary artery disease:

That mean the heart’s arteries are more than 50 percent blocked.

2- Nonobstructive coronary artery disease:

Half 50 percent arteries blocked. This condition can also be caused by disease or injury to the lining of the large arteries

3- Coronary microvascular disease:

Coronary microvascular disease affects the heart’s smallest arteries.

Symptoms:

Signs and symptoms are dependent on the type of ischemic heart disease.

If your coronary arteries narrow, the plaque continues to build up in your coronary arteries
and after artery blockage result is chest pain and heart attack. symptoms including :

- Pain in the chest or upper body that may last for some minutes

- Shortness of breath

- Tiredness

- A cold sweat

- Neck pain

- Arms, shoulders, jaw pain

- Heart attack: A completely blocked coronary artery

Causes:

Ischemic heart disease is caused by damage or injury the inner layer of a coronary artery,
Once the inner wall of an artery is damaged, the fatty deposits, made of cholesterol (plaque), build up inside the walls it's called atherosclerosis.

If the surface of the plaque breaks, the platelets will clump at the site to try to repair the wall. Thus clump can block the artery, leading to a heart attack.

Ischemic heart disease causes include:

- Diabetes

- High blood pressure

- High cholesterol

- Obesity

- Stress

- Tobacco use

- Insulin resistance

- Sedentary lifestyle.

Risk factors:

There are so many risk factors for ischemic heart disease, include:

- Age- in men, something 50 age

- In women, after menopause.

- Sex- men, Obstructive coronary artery disease is more common.

- women, Nonobstructive coronary artery disease is more common .

- Any family history heart disease

- Smoking and drinking

- High blood pressure

- High blood cholesterol levels

- Diabetes

- Overweight or obesity

- High stress

- Unhealthy diet

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